This question comes up a lot: “How do you know if it’s ADHD or bi-polar disorder?” My friend and fellow journalist-advocate John McManamy writes an excellent blog on bi-polar disorder. Recently, he has devoted a series of posts addressing this very topic. I share handy links to each post below.
In his regular blog posts on Knowledge Is Necessity, John often reminds his readers to also consider any possible indicators of ADHD: “Because unrecognized ADHD could be what is holding you or your loved one back. Perhaps it’s not bi-polar but actually ADHD. Or the two are co-existing: bipolar with some attention-impulse issues; ADHD with some mood-emotions issues.”
Likewise, if you’ve been diagnosed with ADHD (or suspect you have it), it’s also important to watch for bipolar and mood-disorder symptoms. Stimulants alone can exacerbate those issues. As John says: “Either way, in bipolar if the ADHD is not addressed, treatment is problematic frustration with meds, no recovery. In ADHD if the bipolar is not addressed, same thing: treatment is problematic, frustration with meds, no recovery.”
Here are the links to John’s six-part series he wrote for Health Central (did I mention he’s a heckuva compelling writer?):
[Note: This post technically comes mid-series, but I am repositioning as the intro for ADHD Roller Coaster blog readers.]
Rarely, if ever, do we “just have bipolar.” Something else is invariably going on. Perhaps not full-blown, often “a little bit of this” and “a little bit of that.” For instance, Ellen Frank of the University of Pittsburgh has done work into the overlap between mood disorders and anxiety. I recall hearing her in a talk telling people that just two symptoms of another condition can significantly complicate the course and treatment of the mood disorder.
You are probably reading this page because you know in your bones that you have bipolar [or in this blog's case, ADHD]. If you are like me, you may have welcomed the diagnosis. It explained your whole crazy life. It offered you the hope of getting your life back on track, once you figured out the nature of this beast.
But, if you are like me, you also found that their were more obstacles to your recovery than you bargained on. Once you had a handle on controlling your depressions and manias, you may have noticed some quirks in your thinking and emotions and behaviors. What was going on?
A little bit of this and that? Another full-blown diagnosis? [continued here]
Part I: The Bipolar-ADHD Connection – Paying Attention to Attention
You know how it goes down. It’s late evening, you’re starting to droop, big day tomorrow, time to hit the hay. But first, five minutes to check out Facebook. Someone’s just posted “Ten Reasons Why Rednecks Make Bad Astrophysicists.” You decide you need a good laugh. You click to the full piece. It’s hilarious. You’re laughing your ass off. You can’t stop now, of course. You click on the link to “Seven Great Disasters in History Caused By Men Who Didn’t Ask for Directions.”
Inside your brain, your dopamine circuits are firing. The thinking parts of your brain lock in. You are alert and hyper-focused, but at the expense of any awareness of your immediate world and what you need to be doing to negotiate your way through it. All sense of time vanishes. [continued here]
Part II: Bipolar-ADHD Connection – Lack of Impulse Control or Hypomania?
According to data from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project, nearly one in five individuals with bipolar experience ADD. What we really need to be aware of, though, is that we don’t have to have a full-blown ADHD diagnosis to complicate our lives. Virtually all of us (“normal” people included) have attention problems of some sort. Thus, we all need to be paying attention – to attention.
Another element of ADHD concerns lack of ability to rein in impulses. It works something like this: Attention is a function of the thinking parts of the brain. If you’re not thinking right, the front end of your brain is perpetually engaged in a losing battle with the back end of the brain. The back of your brain may tell you that now would be a good time to belt out “There’s No Business Like Show Business” in your best Ethel Merman voice. The front end of your brain neglects to remind you that you happen to be in the middle of a business meeting right now. [continued here]
Part III: The Bipolar-ADHD Connection – Lack of Focus or Depression or Fatigue?
Last week, we asked the question, Is it hypomania or is it ADHD? This begs the obvious follow-up: Is it depression or is it ADHD? For starters, check out this DSM-IV symptom for depression:
Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness …
Now compare that to this symptom for ADHD:
Often has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks …
“Fighting through the fog” is how those with ADHD describe their attempts to achieve some form of mental clarity. All of us (even those considered “normal”) know what this is like. We experience it every morning, prior to our coffee, which I jokingly refer to as my “neuro-cognitive starter.”
Gulp-gulp-ahh! The fog lifts. But what if it doesn’t? What if, in effect, you don’t fully awaken? Is this depression or is this ADD? Maybe chronic fatigue? Perhaps all of the above? Consider this DSM-IV symptom for depression:
Fatigue or loss of energy … [continued here]
Part IV: Bipolar-ADHD Connection – Questions
This is the fourth in our conversation on the overlap between bipolar and ADD (or ADHD). In our previous pieces, we looked at the confusion between hypomania and ADD and depression (and fatigue) and ADD. By way of example: If you are dancing on a table during a business meeting, oblivious to those around you, is it hypomania or ADD? What if you are over-absorbed in a project or activity? Or what if you’re jumping from one thing to the other? Or what if you fail to rein in your impulses? Or what if you experience getting high on doing something totally crazy or risky?
Is it hypomania or ADD? [continued here]
Part V: Bipolar-ADHD Connection- Managing the Situation
This is the fifth in our conversation on the overlap between bipolar and ADHD. If you are like me, you are probably a lot more confused than you were at the beginning of this series. Trust me, this is a good thing. There are no easy answers. We need to be asking questions. [continued here]
Your comments welcome. No registration or annoying codes required.
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This comes at the perfect time. Thanks, Gina and John, for helping to bridge this gap.
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The articles seem to come from the point of view of definitely Bipolar with a little bit of ADD, but what about definitely ADD with a little bit of Bipolar, or is that even likely/possible?
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I was diagnosed with ADHD when I was 18 years old, and bi-polar disorder at the age of 20. I was medicated for a short while, however, I never took either of the diagnosis’ seriously until now, at the age of 22. It is extremely hard when I reach the point in life where I can look back and see how much I could have done better at had I taken my diagnosis seriously. I have transfered to 3 colleges, in 3 states across the country. I cannot sit still, ever. And now have lost health insurance in the middle of my 1st semester back in college. I have always been labled as smart by all my professors, friends, and family, but have also been nicknamed as “CantGetRight” representing the fact that I have so much potential, and just cant get things right. ADHD and Bi-polar disorder is an everyday struggle. I attempt and fail at many things, over and over and over again. I am fully aware when it is happening but for this reason feel completely unable to stop it. When I have medicine this trend is not as severe, however, it is always present. I know that I am a smart young lady, often times scoring very high on exams, and in the very superior level on assessments, but this is not reflected in my schoolwork, or anywhere where it matters. Life is so hard, I just do not know how to cope and it seems as though the easiest thing to do is to give up…
Sincerely,
Cantgetright-
ADD/BPD cannot take the chance to succeed away from you. It will just come at a higher cost to you. Don’t give up. It took me 11 yrs to complete a 2 yr AAS, but I did and I did it with honors. I worked ft & only took 1/2 classes at a time. I struggle with reading & writing, apparently organizing a paper per 1 professor, and had to read stuff repeatedly to teach myself when I didnt pay attention in lectures.
A few tips:
Have someone be a soundboard before you sit down to write an essay, etc. I found it much easier to express my thoughts and answer questions verbally to someone listening. I used my 13 yr old daughter during English II. It was the worst for me bc it was analyzing poetry and old stories. It was best that I explained to her what the story was about, jot down my conclusions as I talked, then sit down & write the paper.
Break down reading assignments. Read 1 small paragraph & write down a sentence summing it up. Sometimes you may only need a note like Inflation=^ prices.
I didnt realize I processed information best this way until my last semester or two. Hope it hps you.
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My psychiatrist has had me somewhere on the bipolar spectrum for a couple of years now. The medications definitely improved my mood. However, there was still the irritable short temper that never went away (among other symptoms I’m just now learning about).
I needed more definitive information so after spending some time with a psychologist she diagnosed me with ADHD 4 months ago. The stimulant medication completely obliterated all symptoms of the irritability, impatience and short temper. It also improved my mood.
Based on what I’m learning from this book and others, ADHD is hands down the winner
Ok, I say that meaning if I had to diagnose myself and choose just one it would be ADHD. Yes, I have had some pretty outrageous behavior that could be attributed to bipolar but I have no idea if they would have occurred if I was medicated with a stimulant.
I guess it seems to me that the response to a stimulant should be a pretty good indicator??? If it gets you high or manic, etc. then wouldn’t you ‘not’ have ADHD? Isn’t that really a tell tale sign?
Thanks
scott -
Hi Gina,
Yes, I was on mood stabilizers before the adderall. I actually was highly independent and didn’t want to be on meds. 10 years ago I got put on prozac and for many years thereafter said ‘every thing is fine’ ….
finally, I opened up a little and said everything wasn’t fine so we added some lamictal. Better, but I still didn’t unfold the whole mess. I was still holding on to the notion that i really didn’t need meds.A pretty good binge of partying (months, alcohol) ended with a DWI. It was then that I FINALLY gave the shrink the full info. Oops, not all yet

he increased the lamictal and it helped a lot with the depression and anger. It took many more months before I finally said wth and typed it all out….I spelled anything and everything that might be of use to him. So, he added abilify and I was so much better.BUT, that irritability, short temper MEAN guy kept showing up.
That’s when I sought out the psychologist.
In a way, I’m a bit mad that the psychiatrist didn’t find it. I had been with him for 7 years…..As I said, I just got the RIGHT dx 4 months ago. I’m 40!!!! and my wife and I split 4 years ago.I’m just now realizing the crap I dredged her threw. I mean I knew about the ‘big’ parts but reading your book, I’m seeing all the little, constant, unending hell…..
Well I sidetracked a bit there but I think it was pertinent…
I have to take notes on these kinds of things and the first book I read after the dx was Dr. Brown’s book ‘Taking Charge of Adult ADHD’
What you said is interesting to what I typed in my notes:
“I had the stereotypical understanding of ADHD as an inattentive learning disorder which isn’t me.
So far the part that I relate to the most is the emotional dysregulation. My short temper, irritation and impatience…Amygdala hijack.”Also I had this:
“Self Regulation of emotions: Biggest area of impairment. Impulsive emotional reactions.Can’t put on the brakes. exaggerated emotions that’s not keeping with the situation. that can make social situations difficult for me. They effect my ability to get things done. Short temper, irritable, impatient. Sensitive. Unfairness”I have a better understanding of how complex ADHD sypmtoms can be or not be or morph and intertwine. For me, this dysregulation of emotions IS the main one. I believe all my other stuff branches from it. It’s my litmus test for whether or not the medication is therapeutic or not.
I know that monster….I’ve longed to be rid of him…
It’s been quite the eye opener to find out there was many more tendrils to this monstrosity than I ever knew.
I’m just thankful that I found the heart of it and a way to quell it’s horrific ability to manifest.I’ll admit that now I’m curious about the bipolar dx and all those meds. Of course I’m not going to drop them because I’m doing so well. However, I do wonder if I would have started with a ADHD dx ten years ago would I have ended up with a bipolar dx and be on all these meds.
Sorry for prattling on….
Scott -
Hi again Gina and happy thanksgiving!
I hear you on labels and specialists…and you mentioned sleep specialist! I couldn’t believe it when your book mentioned a link between ADHD, apnea and restless legs. Holy cow that blew me away! Mark me as one of the ones that this happened to. I even had the sleep studies, used a mask and all that… Those sleep issues came out of nowhere…no history. I lost some weight and that seemed to resolve the apnea (mostly) and I think the adderall has helped with the legs and sleep in general.
I had the same thing happen with ulcerative colitis 9 years ago. Absolutely, no digestive issues and wham! UC. That’s always bothered me. I wouldn’t be surprised if there was also a link. I had back surgery two months prior to the UC symptoms and never liked that coincidence. It could have been the weeks of recovery and being ‘useless’ around the house, specifically with a two year old son and not being able to help. I think it put me emotionally ‘out there’ and took it’s toll on my gut.
The bipolar dx has always seemed a little flimsy. Depression for sure but hypomania and mania not so much… The episodes classified as manic came out of extreme boredom and wanting to have fun like I did in college…
I’d classify them under ‘stupid’
At my next meeting, I plan to ask my psychiatrist about his current opinion on the bipolar dx. Well maybe I won’t. Like you said, it really doesn’t matter the label(s) (and I’m REALLY not big on having or giving them). I’m definitely getting the proper medication now.
So, yes, I can be marked as one that needed a stimulant to rid myself of horrendous short temper and irritability. Even with all those other powerful mood stabilizer medications, it never went away. As an aside about adhd symptoms, I would get a warning when this evil attitude would rear it’s head. If I was about to say something mean, degrading or totally inappropriate, I would have this very, very brief moment of blackness. It was like the curtains closing for a millisecond. At some point I recognized ‘when’ it was happening. That’s when I ‘could’ use it as a warning in the future. Well…that never happened. Every single time the curtains would close and tell me not to say/do the upcoming action I’d still do it. I’d just override that roadblock and blast right into the person. Ugh…I really don’t like ‘that’ guy.
As I said, that’s my litmus to know if my adhd is chemically in check. That was the main one for me because my son is 11 and has taken some pointless, meaningless and downright mean verbal abuse. I HAD to get rid of that. It was just so powerful… Now my job is to further learn about the other unwelcomed traits I exhibit and hopefully be the best I can be. My relationship with my son is priority but my girlfriend and I aren’t exactly stable. Root cause….yep ADHD. She has it too and from what I can gather it seems her symptoms are direct opposites of mine. Where I’ve compensated or don’t present, she’s impaired and vice versa. So we kind of push each other’s buttons lol! It might be TMI but we are thankfully both hypersexual so we are fine as long as we keep our mouths shut and stay in the bedroom! ;-D
I might elaborate on our relationship if I find a blog entry where it’s a bit more pertinent. Once again, I’ve cluttered this one up.
Thanks for the conversation.
Scott -
Hi all. I was diagnosed with ADD by family TP and briefly took a stimulant years ago. It helped me focus and greatly alleviated the constant debilitating anxiety and worry about everything. Cannot remember why I stopped taking it. After retirement a couple of years ago the symptoms are much worse with racing thoughts, and just about all the difficulties described by others with relationships. TP’s over the years rx’d drugs for anxiety and depression but they did not really help.
At urging of family I finally saw a psychologist who was not sure if I had ADD or bipolar but definitely had a mind ” running like a motor at very high RPM’s”. He said if I told a psychiatrist I was to see that I was on an antidepressant I would not have any trouble getting diagnosed probably with bipolar. Surprise surprise, the psychiatrist diagnosis was bipolar after just a few questions and lamictal was prescribed titratiing up. A “rash” was present at 50 mg am and 50 mg pm actually manifested by huge red wheals with yellow centers, yuk! Called the doc and lamictal was backed down by 25 mg. Now after another increase very large wheals appeared on scalp. Incidentally have been taking Zyrtec every day for months for allergies. Hate to think about the severity of the reaction if I had not been taking the Zyrtec. Also I should state that I have had severe fits of anger and hostility and negative thinking with the lamotrigine. The doc denies these things could be a side effect of the med. I do not agree.
Meanwhile last week I saw a new psychologist much more familiar with ADD and bipolar. After much in depth questioning and explaining the difference in bipolar mood disorder and ADD she believes I have ADD not bipolar. I agree as the symptoms and signs of ADD have been present since very young childhood and I do not have mood swings lasting weeks or months at a time. The differnces in mood are an immediate reaction to situations, along with zoning out on conversations, being impatient and other ADD symptoms. The new psychologist is with the same large group and plans to talk with the psychiatrist about this being ADD.
I would welcome coming off the lamotrigine and being treated for the ADD. Comments are welcomed please.
Thank you.
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Hi Gina,
Thank you so much for your very helpful response. I waited to respond to your comments – wanted to see the psychologist first. When I saw the psychologist yesterday she asked many more probing questions which I welcome. She said she thinks I have ADD with Gen. Anxiety DO which I have read can be a comorbidity of ADD. I can certainly see why this occurs! she said the psychiatrist I am seeing will listen to her comments.
Thank you for your insight re: Lamictal and great that you know one of the scientists who developed the drug. Hmmm interesting that folks with ADHD can be helped with a small dose of it along with ADHD tx. No ADD meds yet but excercise recommended by psychologist until apptmt 2 weeks from now. Lamictal now at 50 mg am and pm.
I have to tell you I had a “meltdown” last night while cooking dinner for my mother and husband and I. Things spiraled out of control – could not focus enough to follow the steps calmly to cook three simple dishes at one time – was running back and forth in the kitchen and could not remember what step was next, things kept falling off the countertop during the cooking process. Became so distracted by so many things and so frustrated that similar to Scott’s comments this monster anger exploded from me complete with yelling and stomping of feet etc. My poor husband was so horrified and quiet I felt so sorry for him but could not stop the rage until it was “spent”. This is unacceptable to me and certainly to my poor husband and the lamictal has certainly not helped this monster.
Hard to believe years ago in school IQ was 138 when I get so distracted and irritable and angry. Looking forward to reading your book – does it deal with the person with ADHD approach as well as the loved ones who have to put up with it?
Sure hope psychologist and psychiatrist can get together re: treating the ADD. Really do not know how much more my husband (or I) can take of this! I understand that a rational protocol is needed.
Thank you again and hope you have a good Christmas if you do not have a chance to write before then
Libby
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I have suffered from add since elementary school in the mid 80s. A time when add was rarely heard of or talked about. I was tested for learning disabilities & they concluded that I was a day dreamer and needed to pay more attention. The end. I constantly felt frustrated, but managed to finish high school with average grades. I really wonder if I might have been v-Vic. had I been treated. I excelled working in accounting at a construction company after high school making $40k by 20 years old. I love to learn hands on but cannot by reading. I attended community college after HS while working ft. I compeleted my AAS (2 yr degree) 11 years later with honors. I only took a class or 2 at a time bc its all i could manage sucessfully. I cannot accept less that perfection from myself. I despise Psych who think failure=ADD. People with ADD can force themselves to succeed. Their success comes at higher cost to them! More hours & effort. Reading an assignment many times, breaking it into sections, outlining in a simple version they can process. It spent entire days working on one English assignment & crying over my frustration. My husband had to proofread every paper. I’m notorious for skipping words, misspelling, skipping grammar, & using the wrong version of words (there/they’re/their). I hate it bc it makes me look dumb & I’m far from it. TIP: I was able to explain the story I read to my step-daughter verbally much easier than I could write about it. I really struggled putting it on paper. Have someone be a sound board & help organize thoughts. Then its easier to put it on paper.
I had my first child at 23 years old & my life fell apart. I suffered from ppd, severe anxiety, depression, and rages. My husband has graciously stood by side & I’m so thankful for that. I went to therapy & took Wellbutrin. After a year I finally felt some relief. I came off the WB to have a 2nd child. I was amazing during my pregnancy. So relaxed & in control. I lost 10lb of body fat (he was a healthy 7.7 lb baby). After his birth, I slowly went down hill feeling fatigued, overwhelmed, unable to lose weight, & unfocused. I went to an D.O. & she ran every test possible. The only result was extremely high inflammation. I then went to a rheumatologist who ruled out auto immunes. I was left with no choice but to accept depression as a diagnosis although I didn’t feel sad. Prozac caused my breast to leak colostrum, so I went back to Wellbutrin. It helped some but I never felt good again. A few years later I was given phentermine for weightloss. Oh my, I slept so good and woke on my own when the sun came up. I was more focused and functioned more like I did in my better days. So I went to a psyc. You have bipolar I they said. Well, here I am two years later. I’ve explored all medications, and had so much cognitive therapy I could teach a class. The dead end has left me feeling doomed in this hell. Yesterday I started a trial of Adderol SR. It was the best day I’ve had in the half of my life. I parented with love & patience. I didn’t feel confused, overwhelmed, or as if my life was beyond my control. It all stopped for a day and I was me! I connected with my children emotionally for the first time in a while. WHY ARE THESE PSYC SO DEAF? After being treated for bpd the add symptoms continued to torture me for years & I had to demand/throw a tantrum for them to treat add after researching it myself! I think this article was DEAD ON in situations like mine.
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I am so excited finding this site!
This is my husband ADHD – Bipolar. where does one find a doctor that really knows what they are doing? Has a family doctor and a bag full of meds which none have helped – but mostly due to his own negligence. We are currently seperated due to his crazy over the top anger and vicious verbiage – cuts me to the core and then shreds me.
He is wanting to get better but still has the mentally of just taking a pill – but I know there is much more than that.
I want my marriage but not at any cost – but with the right path to a healthy loving as sain as possible relationship.
Guidance please.
We live in Fort Worth/Dallas area.
Thank you all for sharing your lives with me/us, as you may have just saved a life from its own self destruction.
Tina



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